This research aims to develop a new understanding of the demographic and socio-economic changes within the "left-behind places" in France. Social and spatial inequalities between central regions and so-called "peripheral France" are gradually becoming economic as well as political issues. The research project aims to go beyond the term "left-behind places" and take a more specific approach to the experiences and trajectories of the population living ther, in order to produce elements of reflection useful for the implementation of development strategies for these peripheral regions.